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Highlighted Topic: Epidemiological Studies of Vaccination and Health Outcomes Across the Lifespan

National Institutes of Health

Vaccines have long been effective tools for preventing infectious disease, yet comprehensive evaluation of their relationships with both positive and negative long-term health outcomes across the lifespan remains limited. Most prior studies on adverse events have focused on short-term outcomes. Further refining our understanding of long-term health outcomes requires newer data sources, comprehensive health outcome information, more robust study designs, and improved analytic approaches.

Moreover, as concluded by the 2013 Institute of Medicine report The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety , and by the White Paper from CDC’s Vaccine Safety Datalink (Glanz et al., Vaccine, 2016), there is a need to evaluate various aspects of the childhood vaccination schedule. Prior analyses have also highlighted methodological and data-related challenges, including limited ability to capacity to compare schedule variations, consideration of common and novel vaccine product components, insufficient integration of clinical outcomes with biological and environmental data, and insufficient consideration of population heterogeneity – factors that could support personalized risk-benefit decisions and the development of precision vaccination strategies for specific vulnerable subpopulations.

Advances in real-world data (RWD), large-scale longitudinal cohorts, biospecimen linkages, biomarker identification, and data integration platforms now provide new opportunities to address these gaps, through comprehensive, population-level analyses of vaccination exposures and long-term health outcomes. When combined with biomarker and mechanistic data, these approaches can support causal inference and identification of effect modifiers across diverse populations, although careful attention to confounding biases and multiple comparisons is essential. To ensure rigor and interpretability, studies should prioritize standardized measurements, bias mitigation, appropriate statistical methods, large sample sizes, and replication across independent populations.

Apply through an appropriate NIH Parent Funding Announcement or another broad NIH opportunity available on Grants.gov .

Expiration Date: June 3, 2028

Specialties

Medical

Medical - Clinical Science

Medical - Basic Science

Medical - Translational

Eligibility Requirements

Sponsor Details

Sponsor Institute/Organizations: National Institutes of Health

Sponsor Type: Government/Federal

Address: National Institutes of Health; 31 Center Drive; MSC 2220; Bethesda; MD 20892-2220; USA

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